When you have to test operational quality of different pressure units or pipe systems, there are several different techniques. One of the most commonly used processes is hydro testing. It is used every time when system was out of order for some time, for repairing or for any other reason, or as a regular checkup of different systems and pressure devices.
This is fully nondestructive testing that will check the performances of particular unit. It can be done only when this equipment is not running and the system is shut down. The whole point is to check the unit for any leaks or other flaws that may cause the failure or need any type of repairs before placing the equipment into normal operating state.
When it comes to different pipelines, the system should be first totally emptied, and all natural gas, oil or other substances removed. After that, the pipeline should be mechanically cleaned and vented. The whole system is then filled with water, and this process removes all the remains of air held within. After that, the pressure that exceeds the designed pressure limit of this pipeline is applied.
For this particular procedure, the pressure that exceeds the normally used pressure by 50 percent is used. Once under exceeded pressure, the pipes should be visually checked for possible leaks and other problems that may occur. Fluorescent dyes are also used in some cases, where it is important to find the origin of the leaks or various cracks in the structure. The use of dyes makes all this much easier.
After the process is finished, the pipes should be cleaned and dried before you can refill them with the medium they were designed to carry. The person applying the test has to take into consideration the differences between the fluids and how their different properties may affect the entire system.
For pressure vessels and similar units another technique is applied. Depending on the purpose, you can use one of three most common methods. The first one is used mostly for testing pressure vessels, and this is the method of direct expansion. The vessel is first filled with previously set amount of water. After that, it's put under pressure, for calculated time. During that time, some amount of water gets expelled from the vessel, and this should be measured.
The second method is similar, but the vessel filled with water is first loaded into a sealed chamber, so called test jacked. This is why this method is called water jacket method. While in the sealed chamber, the vessel is pressurized. The applied pressure forces some amount of water out from the chamber, and the water that is expelled is measured to find out total expansion.
After the pressure is removed, tested vessel should slowly shrink back to its original size. Sometimes it does, and sometimes it doesn't. If it does, everything is in order, but if it doesn't, depending of the shrink-back percentage, it might require a service. When it's not important to have these numbers, it's easier to use so called pressure method. It will be enough to check the unit for leaks or other issues that can cause failures, for example, wall thinning.
This is fully nondestructive testing that will check the performances of particular unit. It can be done only when this equipment is not running and the system is shut down. The whole point is to check the unit for any leaks or other flaws that may cause the failure or need any type of repairs before placing the equipment into normal operating state.
When it comes to different pipelines, the system should be first totally emptied, and all natural gas, oil or other substances removed. After that, the pipeline should be mechanically cleaned and vented. The whole system is then filled with water, and this process removes all the remains of air held within. After that, the pressure that exceeds the designed pressure limit of this pipeline is applied.
For this particular procedure, the pressure that exceeds the normally used pressure by 50 percent is used. Once under exceeded pressure, the pipes should be visually checked for possible leaks and other problems that may occur. Fluorescent dyes are also used in some cases, where it is important to find the origin of the leaks or various cracks in the structure. The use of dyes makes all this much easier.
After the process is finished, the pipes should be cleaned and dried before you can refill them with the medium they were designed to carry. The person applying the test has to take into consideration the differences between the fluids and how their different properties may affect the entire system.
For pressure vessels and similar units another technique is applied. Depending on the purpose, you can use one of three most common methods. The first one is used mostly for testing pressure vessels, and this is the method of direct expansion. The vessel is first filled with previously set amount of water. After that, it's put under pressure, for calculated time. During that time, some amount of water gets expelled from the vessel, and this should be measured.
The second method is similar, but the vessel filled with water is first loaded into a sealed chamber, so called test jacked. This is why this method is called water jacket method. While in the sealed chamber, the vessel is pressurized. The applied pressure forces some amount of water out from the chamber, and the water that is expelled is measured to find out total expansion.
After the pressure is removed, tested vessel should slowly shrink back to its original size. Sometimes it does, and sometimes it doesn't. If it does, everything is in order, but if it doesn't, depending of the shrink-back percentage, it might require a service. When it's not important to have these numbers, it's easier to use so called pressure method. It will be enough to check the unit for leaks or other issues that can cause failures, for example, wall thinning.
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